The battery in the photovoltaic system is a component for storing electrical energy. In the battery, electrical energy is converted into chemical energy, which is the process of charging battery; when the solar cell is charged, the electroological energy in the battery starts to be converted into electrical energy, which is the discharge process of the battery. .
The battery that is currently used in photovoltaic systems is substantially sealed lead-acid battery. Why? Because this battery is very cheap. However, because this battery is sealed maintenance, it is not possible to manually add water, add the amount of acid, adding the acid and online test of the temperature, specific gravity and voltage of the battery electrolyte, which is effectively maintained. The sealing-free battery requires the charging system and the discharge system requirements extremely fine, and can no longer use the extensive simple charge and discharge method to manage the battery, so the battery technology experts have studied more scientific and safe charge and discharge systems. For example, PWM (pulse width modulation) charging technology is very good, and the charge and discharge controller is also embedded in a single-chip computer system to strictly monitor the controlled battery pack. Knowledge about the controller will be introduced in the next chapter.
The battery is the most important component of the photovoltaic system. Why? Because the battery is too delicate, too satisfying. It's slightly improper, it's finished. If the energy storage component is broken, can the photovoltaic system work properly? Obviously you can't. Because the solar cell (current) photoelectric conversion efficiency is too low, it is impossible to directly supply like a power generator in the thermal power plant. When to increase the optoelectronic conversion efficiency to 85%, it can imagine the online direct supply of solar cells. Then there is currently this situation we can only design, use it, maintain the battery. Don't let it be charged, don't let it be over-discharge, don't let it be charged every day. The hazard of overcharge is to make the battery are water, because the overflow will cause too much penetration of the battery, and the electrolysis of water will occur when it is severe. After the loss of water, the electrolyte concentration is high, the temperature increases, the electrode voltage is further increased, thereby accelerating the loss of the battery. After entering the vicious circle, the battery will soon end.
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