A novel battery is stored in the "charging fuel" in which the researchers are called "charging fuel" in the liquid form. Its achievements can be either recharged as traditional batteries, or by injection of new fuel charging, just like refueling.The researchers who develop this technology say that this material can allow an electric car to charge 500 miles (about 800 kilometers) at a time, and is now 5 times the distance between most electric vehicles. This technology was developed by the Agon National Labs and Illinois Institute of Technology. Reloading this fuel in a gas station for a few minutes. In contrast, even the fastest traditional battery charging station will take 1 hour to fully charge.
Limited driving distance and long charging time are the two biggest challenges for electric vehicles. The liquid battery electrode can achieve a longer distance driving by lifting the charge of the battery pack, and benefits from a small non-energy reserve assembly, and the battery pack is more cheap.
Liu Ping, project manager of the US Department of Energy Advanced Research Program (ARPA-E), funded this work, said that the battery using liquid electrodes is more secure than traditional. The positive and negative electrode material will be stored in separate storage tanks, rather than in the same battery cell like a conventional battery. This prevents short circuit and overheating to avoid lithium batteries therefore.
The charging fuel is in the early stage, but ARPA-E is optimistic about this technology, announces four groups that develop this technology. In addition to the ILN project, ARPA-E is also supporting General Electric, National Renewable Energy Lab, and 24M companies split out of MIT.
Illinois researchers currently show a small "semi-single" battery that uses a liquid electrode and a solid electrode. For their $ 3.4 million ARPA-E funded projects starting last month, they plan to build a positive and negative electrode using liquid prototypes. This battery will be able to reserve 1 kWh of energy, enough to drive a few miles.
In the battery of the conventional electric vehicle, up to 75% of the material, consisting of components that do not store energy, including battery packages, sensors, electrical connectors, cooling systems, and the like. By liquid reserve energy, at least most of the material can be eliminated, and the size and cost of the battery pack can be reduced.
The key is to separate the energy storage material from the structure used to extract energy and generate current. In conventional batteries, each layer of electrode material is equipped with an aluminum foil and a plastic film so that electrons and ion flow generate current. If you want to store more energy, you need to add more aluminum foils and plastic films.
In a new battery, the liquid electrode will be stored in the storage tank and is pumped with a relatively small device to interact and power generation. Increasing the energy storage only needs to make a larger storage tank, the power generation device can maintain the same size. The larger the storage tank, the smaller the proportion of the total volume of power generation equipment.
The liquid electrode has existed for a period of time, such as a part of a device called a fluid battery, but they usually put the energy reserve in the dilute solution, and the car is too large. Some batteries have a melting electrode, more suitable for stationary purposes. Each ARPA-E project is committed to adding the energy density of the liquid to an order of magnitude. The 24M company split by MIT is a pioneer in this field, which has shown suspended high concentration high energy electrode powder and extracts the possibility of energy. The main challenge is to make the actual battery sufficiently high electrical conductivity.
Illinois researchers have a similar approach. They emphasized that the use of nanopowels can be suspended at very high concentrations and is still easy to flow, which is beneficial to the special nature of such small particles. They also developed a new way to extract current from particles, and hope that this will increase the conductivity. The details of this technique are confidential until they complete the patent application.
Liquid electrode batteries do have some potential disadvantages. Nanoparticles will be quickly degraded, and researchers began to design the entire system. They need to design a method to effectively pump material and produce batteries cheap. By reloading the new material to charge the car to charge the car, you need to install a new infrastructure, and the price may be expensive.
At the same time, traditional battery prices will continue to decline, and technology innovation can make them recharge quickly.
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