In recent years, with the vigorous development of the data center industry, the security issues in the data center are increasingly attached, and the battery is also slowlycoming a focus of attention. Solve the problems in the battery, you need to look at it from the perspective of the system, will be more helpful for the use of the battery, which is more helpful to power supply.Figure 1 is a system model of a computer room. When a power failure is malfunction, the battery acts as an emergency power supply. There may be more than 90% of the battery in the data room, and the battery must be touched once in the life cycle, but the battery must always be in normal conditions. Otherwise, the battery cannot be discharged, and the consequences will be very serious. Therefore, the battery is kept in a healthy state to ensure the power supply of the data center.
The survey shows that 65% of respondents believe that the UPS battery fault is a primary reason that leads to downtime of data center; in 2016, the equipment failure causes the downtime for data center, the UPS system fault is the largest, accounting for 25%; and in UPS In the cause of the failure, the lead-acid battery is the main reason for the fault, the probability is as high as 50%.
The cause of the battery is actually divided into three: the first is quality problems, such as leakage and micro short circuit. In general, the UPS grounding system should comply with the provisions of the IEC60346 standard on low voltage grounding systems. This means that for most UPS, the centerline and battery frames of the battery pack are grounded. Therefore, when there is a battery in the battery pack, the leakage of the leakage is flowed to the battery frame, and the battery pack is short-circuited to cause an accident. If a micro-short battery occurs if a micro-short battery occurs in the battery pack, the voltage of the micro-short battery will decrease rapidly, resulting in insufficient preparation time.
The second problem is used to maintain the problem, Table 1 is the international battery test maintenance standard.
Although there are not many projects in the maintenance specification, because the number of batteries in the data room is huge, there are hundreds of hundreds of sections, and more even can even reach thousands. So the light of these projects will be implemented, and it is always impossible to ensure 100% reliable. In addition, there is a battery charging. Different battery manufacturers may be the same for the battery's charging voltage requirements. If they are set according to unified standards, they will cause the battery to charge or overcharge, long-term inclusive charge and overcharge can result in Battery life is terminated in advance.
The last problem is the aging problem of the battery, Table 2 shows the charging and discharge principle of the battery.
As can be seen from Table 2, there is a sub-response throughout the life cycle of the battery, which is the root cause of the aging of the battery.
In summary, it is difficult to keep the battery high availability. Is there a better maintenance? In fact, the Battery Management System (BMS) is a good solution. However, if you want to increase the availability of the battery through BMS, it is necessary to understand the actual performance data of the battery, but also require real-time monitoring of the operating state of the battery, timely discovery of fault hidden dangers and issue an alarm, guiding the maintenance personnel correctly. Avoid unnecessary accidents; at the same time, it is possible to accurately evaluate the health of the battery (SOH = remaining capacity / rated capacity) to obtain an effective basis for battery replacement and ladder utilization. Reduce system risks using batteries and avoid unnecessary resources waste.
Improve the availability of the battery through BMS, the key is:
1 Accurate acquisition of key feature information for each battery
1
Leakage situation monitoring
Strictly monitor the change in insulation impedance between the battery bus and the ground, and the battery leakage is judged, and the alarm prompts the user to solve it, avoiding the occurrence of fire;
2
Connection strip status monitoring
Strictly monitor the temperature of the temperature and contact in the battery terminal, comprehensive analysis of the two aspects, judge the connection strip loosening, and generate alarm prompt users to solve, prevent the occurrence of fire;
3
Micro-short fault monitoring
Strictly monitor the open circuit voltage of the battery, it is determined whether the battery has a micro-circuit failure, and generates a alarm prompting the user to solve it, avoiding the battery's preparation.
2 Accurate analysis and judgment on battery information data
1
Accurate measurement of SoC, SOH
By analyzing and summarizing the acquisition of data, a neural network algorithm is used to obtain more accurate SoC, SOH, and effectively guide the operation and maintenance of the battery;
2
Power charging management parameters self-diagnosis
By self-diagnosis of battery pack voltage and ambient temperature, the power supply is analyzed, the floating and warm complement parameter settings are correct, if the error is generated, the alarm will remind the operator;
3
Power supply capacity management
By the discharge current and the setup load current, it can be judged whether or not the power supply capacity of the power supply is normal, if an error is generated, an alarm is generated to remind the operator.
3 intuitive presentation data results and provide targeted maintenance action guidance
1
Intelligent charging control
By intelligent control of battery charging, in the case of full capacity, it is possible to disconnect the charging circuit, thereby avoiding battery overcharge to reduce the side reaction such as battery grid corrosion and loss of water, further delay the aging of the battery itself, from essentially Make the battery in the best health, allowing it to give full play to the original performance throughout the lifecycle, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the system;
2
High temperature protection
In high temperatures, the system can disconnect the charging circuit, which greatly reduces the aging rate of the battery at high temperature, improves battery resistance, and prevents battery heat loss;
3
Discharge seamless protection
The battery loop control involved in intelligent charging control and high temperature protection measures is limited to the charging circuit, and for the discharge loop, it is necessary to always remain turned on, thereby ensuring the seamless discharge of the battery, and can switch to discharge at 0 ms. condition;
4
Intelligent operation and maintenance guidelines
The battery management system has a perfect expert library that can be combined with each alarm of the battery, and the relevant parameters and status can be combined, and the cause of the fault is judged, and the guidance and suggestions that can be used for maintenance make the operation and maintenance. Work can be targeted. This can improve operation and maintenance efficiency, and also reduce the human material needed for maintenance work;
5
Daily automatic inspection
According to the operation and maintenance management system and process, the battery device can be automatically inspected according to the rules set, and the inspection report is generated, and the inspection efficiency is generated, and the error rate of the artificial inspection is lowered.
Through the battery management system, the operation and maintenance personnel can understand the cause of the alarm, through the expert system, analyze the fault and guide the air operation, so that the maintenance is simpler. Battery management systems should make people who do not understand batteries, becomes a maintenance expert of batteries through system platforms.
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