Conventional batteries have not met the requirements of modern electronic devices and electric transportation due to the limitation of the energy density of the electrode active substance of the electrode active substance of the aqueous solution of the lead battery or nickel cadmium. Although the nickel-cadmium / metal hydride battery system has some progress, performance has improved, but it is necessary to have a significant improvement in the most density, and the advanced battery based on alkali metal anode must be developed.
The initial high energy system is designed for the application of electric vehicles, and the working temperature is very high. This system is not suitable for consumables electronic equipment. Now the lithium battery appears in the consumer market in the form of a button and a cylindrical battery, but it is still working to improve this system, especially the high-capacity system for developing reliable electric vehicles.
The initial room temperature-lithium secondary battery is based on a primary lithium system, composed of a lithium metal negative electrode, a non-aqueous lithium ion conductive electrolyte and a positive electrode material. The positive electrode can be reversible electrochemical reaction with lithium ions. Suitable anode materials typically have a fixed lattice and the following properties:
1, the laminate tunnel or the opening structure allows insertion (or precipitation) to ion and not significantly change the structure;
2. Accept (or discharge) compensation of electron access (or jump) their electronic energy band.
As an insert substance, these materials have been understood that when discharge, the dissolution of the anode lithium ions are present, and they migrate the crystal structure of the inlay matrix substance in the electrolyte, and the electron energy of the external circuit is supplied into the same matrix material. With the structure, the charging process is reversible. The lithium secondary battery has a change in morphological structure and a problem of lithium negative passivation.
This will reduce the actual energy density of cycle life and system, and some security issues may be triggered in practical applications. The recent progress is to replace the lithium metal anode with another insertion compound CD. The electrochemical process of such a negative electrode is not like lithium coating and peeling like a conventional system, but lithium ion adsorption when charging, in discharge When lithium ion is released, therefore, in the discharge process, the negative electrode Li, the CD is used as a lithium ionist, and the positive electrode AB is like a lithium ion exchanger, and this system has been referred to as a "rocked battery", and then a series of series Name, such as "rocking battery", etc., now called "lithium ion battery".
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