The fuel available of the fuel cell is not only hydrogen, but this paper introduces the principle and configuration of the generating electricity as an example of hydrogen.The outermost side of the two sides is a polar plate (separator), and the collision is the gasket, the catalytic electrode is inserted in the middle of the two catalytic electrodes. The hydrogen ion exchange membrane. The role of both sides is to supply fuel and oxygen to the catalytic electrodes, while discharging water generated on the catalytic electrode. The material of the separator must be electrically conductive, produced with a graphite plate and a metal plate, there is a lot of trenches on both sides of the plate, flowing fuel, air, water in the trench, fuel hydrogen diffuses from the separator, reaching relative The catalytic electrode. The catalytic electrode plate is only tens of micrometers thick, and carbon powder is coated on the plate, which is dispersed in carbon powder with a noble metal platinum powder grain having a small size particle size, and the thickness is 0.2 to several mg / cm2.
On the metal platinum powder, the hydrogen molecules are separated into hydrogen ions and electrons, i.e., H2 platinum 2H ++ 2E, which is refueling, called an anode. The hydrogen ions produced in the anode can pass through the hydrogen ion exchange membrane, and the hydrogen ion exchange film is a high molecular material having a tens of micron thick, which has only the properties of hydrogen ions and cannot conduct electrons. That is, hydrogen ions are allowed to pass through, and electrons are not allowed.
The electron returns to the separator to the outer loop conductor, and then transferred to the other side by an external circuit. Electronic movement generates electrical energy, accessing an electric motor in an external circuit through electron pass, and electrical energy can drive the motor rotation, and the electrical energy is converted into kinetic energy. Here, it is important that hydrogen ions and electrons are transmitted different paths.
Hydrogen ions reaches the same electrode from different paths, and electrons and hydrogen ions are reactive with oxygen in the air supplied from the outside, that is, 2 h ++ 2e + 0.5O2 → H2O, this electrode for oxidizing the reaction Call the air pole or the cathode. The energy generated by the oxidation reaction becomes the force of mobile electrons and hydrogen ions.
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