Ohm potential drop (commonly known as ohm drop) from the internal resistance of the battery. The current is rarely achieved evenly, which is a complex function on battery geometries, electrode surface performance, and the like. Sometimes instantaneous disturbance techniques can be experimentally determined to identify unique valid values or averages. However, in many cases, it is difficult to distinguish the ohmic polarization and electrode translation, such as in the electrode active material, also carrying an electrolyte phase current or a porous electrode or a well mixing of the electrode and the electrolyte.
For most modern actual batteries, polarization loss under certain large current densities is mainly caused by ohmic pressure drop. So you need to pay attention to the following points when designing the battery:
(1) The electrolyte has a maximum ion conductivity (particularly difficult for certain non-aqueous solutions and solid electrolyte batteries).
(2) Reduce the resistivity of the electrode material (especially when they are expanded, such as sintered powder, etc.), such as a fine sieved conductive carbon particles (such as acetylene black), and adopt a suitable collector, internal connection Parts.
(3) From the perspective of the electrode polarization, it is necessary to balance the contradiction between the advantages of each high phase interface area and the disadvantages of high phase resistance.
(4) Optimize the battery geometry so that the effective spacing between the electrodes is minimal, and the current is evenly distributed.
(5) Uniform distribution of current is often critical, as the changed current density and associated non-uniform potential distribution can result in a local reactive depletion, the electrode shape change, the side reaction occurs, the electrode material utilization rate is low.
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