The period on the earth is irradiated and the cycle of radiation energy on the earth is 24h a day. The power generation of the solar cells in a certain area also has a periodic change of 24h, which is the same as that of the radiation of radiation in the region. But the changes in the weather will affect the amount of power generation. If there is a few days of continuous rainy days, the square can hardly power generation, can only be powered by the battery, while the battery depth is discharged, it needs to be added as soon as possible. Most of the designers have the main data of the design of the sun every day in the meteorological station. Due to the different years of data in a region, the minimum data should be taken in the past ten years. According to the power consumption of the load, the battery is required in the sunlight and no sun. Solar radiation or total sunshine hours provided by meteorological stations are indispensable to determine the capacity size of the battery. For solar cells, the load should include all power consumption devices in the system (except for electrical storage, lines, controllers, etc.). The output power of the array is related to the number of components string, and the series is in order to obtain the required operating voltage, in order to obtain the required operating current, the appropriate number of components are connected and settled in parallel and constitute the required solar cell.The energy storage device of the solar cell power system is mainly a battery. Battery with solar cell formation is usually operated in a floating state, and its voltage varies with changes in power generation and load electricity. Its capacity is much larger than the power required for the load. The energy provided by the battery is also affected by the ambient temperature. In order to match solar cells, it is required to have a long service life and simple maintenance. Be
1. The battery of the battery can be used with the type of battery used in solar cells. It is currently widely used in lead-acid-free maintenance storage batteries, ordinary lead-acid batteries and alkaline nickel-cadmium storage batteries. At present, lead-acid-free maintenance battery is currently used because of its inherent "exemption" maintenance characteristics and the characteristics of less environmental contamination, it is suitable for useful solar power systems, especially unattended workstations. Ordinary lead-acid batteries are mainly suitable for maintenance capacity or low-end applications due to frequent maintenance and their environmental pollution. Although alkaline nickel-cadmium batteries have better low temperature, overtake, overproduction, but because of their high prices, it is only suitable for more special occasions. Be
2. Calculating battery pack capacity The capacity of the battery is important to ensure continuous power supply. In one year, the square array power generation has a big difference. The power generation of the square array does not satisfy the month desired, and the electric energy of the battery is to make up; in the month exceeding the month, the excess electrical energy is stored by the battery. Therefore, the shortcomings of the square array power generation and excessive value are one of the basis for determining the capacity of the battery. Similarly, the load electrical electricity during continuous rainy days must also be obtained from the battery. Therefore, the power consumption during this period is also one of the factors that determine the capacity of the battery. Be
Therefore, the capacity BC calculation formula of the battery is: bc = a ¡Á ql ¡Á NL ¡Á TO / CCAH hole 1 snow type: A is a safety factor, take 1.1 to 1.4; QL is the average power consumption of load daily, for work The current is multiplied by day; NL is the maximum number of continuous rain days; TO is a temperature correction coefficient, typically takes 1.1, -10 ¡ã C above 1.1, and Take 1.2; CC is a battery discharge depth, Generally, the lead-acid battery is 0.75, and the alkaline nickel-cadmium battery is 0.85.
3 Solar Battery Array Design
3.1. Solar cell module The NS solar cell module can obtain the required operating voltage, but the series of solar cell modules must be appropriate. The number of series is too small, and the series voltage is lower than the battery floating voltage, and the square array cannot charge the battery. If the series is too much to make the output voltage higher than the floating voltage, the charging current does not increase significantly. Therefore, the optimum charge state can only be achieved when the series voltage of the solar cell module is equal to the appropriate floating voltage. The calculation method is as follows: ns = ur / uoc = (UF + UD + UC) / UOC (2): UR is the solar battery array output minimum voltage; UOC is the best operating voltage of solar cell modules; UF is the battery float Charger; UD is diode pressure drop, generally takes 0.7 V; UC is a pressure drop caused by other factors. The floating voltage of the battery and the selected battery parameter should be equal to the maximum operating voltage of the selected battery cell at the lowest temperature to multiply the number of batteries in series.
3.2. Solar battery components Parallel NP before determining NP, we first determine its relevant amount of calculation. (1) The solar energy sunlight of the solar cell formation is converted to the average daily radiation time of the standard light, and the average daily radiation time H: h = Ht ¡Á 2.778 / 10000h (3): 2.778 / 10000 (HM2 / kJ) Coefficient of average daily radiation time in the standard light intensity (1000w / m2) is converted to standard light (1000w / m2). (2) Solar battery assembly daily power generation QP qp = IOC ¡Á H ¡Á KOP ¡Á CZAH hole 4 snow type: IOC is the best working current for solar cell modules; KOP is a bevel correction factor; CZ is a correction coefficient, mainly a combination, Loss of attenuation, dust, charging efficiency, etc., generally take 0.8. (3) The minimum number of days between the two sets of continuous rainy days NW, this data is the uniqueness of this design, mainly considering supplementing the battery capacity of the loss to supplement the battery capacity BCB within this period of time. To: BCB = a ¡Á ql ¡Á NLAH 5 Snow (4) The calculation method of the solar cell module is: NP = (BCB + NW ¡Á QL) / (qp ¡Á nw) 6 Snow (6) expression It means: in parallel solar cell groups, the amount of power generated in the shortest interval between the two sets of continuous rain days, not only for the load, but also makes up the battery in the longest continuous rainy day.
3.3. The power calculation of the solar cell formation is parallel according to the skewers of the solar cell module, that is, the power of the required solar cells can be obtained in P: P = PO ¡Á NS ¡Á NPW (7): PO is solar cell module Rated power. Design instance takes a certain ground satellite receiving station as an example, the load voltage is 12V, the power is 25W, working 24 hours a day, the longest continuous rainy day is 15 days, the two longest continuous rainy days minimum number of days is 30d, solar cells use Yunnan semiconductor devices The 38D975 ¡Á 400 component produced by the factory, the components standard power is 38W, the operating voltage is 17.1V, the operating current 2.22A, the battery use lead-acid-free maintenance storage battery, the floating voltage is (14 ¡À 1) V. Its horizontal solar radiation data refers to Table 1. The annual average annular annular amount of the horizontal surface is 12,110 (kJ / m2), the KOP value is 0.885, the optimum inclination is 16.13 ¡ã, calculates the solar cell-based array power and battery capacity.
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